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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pertussis-Toxin</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable hintergrundfarbe-basis infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Protein_Pertussis_toxin_subunit_1" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Protein">
<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Pertussis toxin subunit 1
</th></tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller; font-weight:bold;">Pertussis-Toxin als Proteinkomplex
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Andere Namen
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<p>Islet-activating protein S1, IAP S1
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="font-size:smaller;">
<p>Vorhandene Strukturdaten: <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1BCP">1BCP</a>, <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1PRT">1PRT</a>, <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1PTO">1PTO</a>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Masse</a>/Länge <a href="Prim%C3%A4rstruktur" title="Primärstruktur">Primärstruktur</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">269 <a href="Aminos%C3%A4uren" title="Aminosäuren">Aminosäuren</a>, 29.974 <a href="Atomare_Masseneinheit" title="Atomare Masseneinheit">Da</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Bezeichner
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>Externe IDs
</td>
<td colspan="2" class="">
<ul><li><a href="Online_Mendelian_Inheritance_in_Man" title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man">OMIM</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/103320">103320</a></li>
<li><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P04977">P04977</a></li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Enzymklassifikation
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC, Kategorie</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brenda-enzymes.org/enzyme.php?ecno=2.4.2.-">2.4.2.-</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Vorkommen
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">Homologie-Familie
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hogenom.univ-lyon1.fr/query_sequence?seq=P04977">Hovergen</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122; text-align:center;"><a href="Homologie_(Genetik)#Homologie_zwischen_verdoppelten_oder_fremden_Genen" title="Homologie (Genetik)">Orthologe</a> (Bordetella pertussis)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Entrez_Gene" title="Entrez Gene">Entrez</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=375790&rn=1">375790</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Ensembl" title="Ensembl">Ensembl</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class=""><small><small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/geneview?gene=ENSG00000188157;db=core">ENSG00000188157</a></small></small></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P04977">P04977</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">Refseq</a> (mRNA)
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001305275.1">NM_001305275.1</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">Refseq</a> (Protein)
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001292204.1">NP_001292204.1</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a>-Suche
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=375790">375790</a></span>
<p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p>
</td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p><table class="wikitable hintergrundfarbe-basis infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Protein_Pertussis_toxin_subunit_2" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Protein">
<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Pertussis toxin subunit 2
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>Andere Namen
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<p>Islet-activating protein S2, IAP S2
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="font-size:smaller;">
<p>Vorhandene Strukturdaten: <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1BCP">1BCP</a>, <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1PRT">1PRT</a>, <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1PTO">1PTO</a>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Masse</a>/Länge <a href="Prim%C3%A4rstruktur" title="Primärstruktur">Primärstruktur</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">226 <a href="Aminos%C3%A4uren" title="Aminosäuren">Aminosäuren</a>, 24.799 <a href="Atomare_Masseneinheit" title="Atomare Masseneinheit">Da</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Bezeichner
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>Externe IDs
</td>
<td colspan="2" class="">
<ul><li><a href="Online_Mendelian_Inheritance_in_Man" title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man">OMIM</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/103320">103320</a></li>
<li><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P04978">P04978</a></li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Vorkommen
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">Homologie-Familie
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hogenom.univ-lyon1.fr/query_sequence?seq=P04978">Hovergen</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122; text-align:center;"><a href="Homologie_(Genetik)#Homologie_zwischen_verdoppelten_oder_fremden_Genen" title="Homologie (Genetik)">Orthologe</a> (Bordetella pertussis)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Entrez_Gene" title="Entrez Gene">Entrez</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=375790&rn=1">375790</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Ensembl" title="Ensembl">Ensembl</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class=""><small><small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/geneview?gene=ENSG00000188157;db=core">ENSG00000188157</a></small></small></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P04978">P04978</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">Refseq</a> (mRNA)
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001305275.1">NM_001305275.1</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">Refseq</a> (Protein)
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001292204.1">NP_001292204.1</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a>-Suche
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=375790">375790</a></span>
<p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p>
</td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p><table class="wikitable hintergrundfarbe-basis infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Protein_Pertussis_toxin_subunit_3" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Protein">
<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Pertussis toxin subunit 3
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>Andere Namen
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<p>Islet-activating protein S3, IAP S3
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="font-size:smaller;">
<p>Vorhandene Strukturdaten: <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1BCP">1BCP</a>, <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1PRT">1PRT</a>, <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1PTO">1PTO</a>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Masse</a>/Länge <a href="Prim%C3%A4rstruktur" title="Primärstruktur">Primärstruktur</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">227 <a href="Aminos%C3%A4uren" title="Aminosäuren">Aminosäuren</a>, 24.988 <a href="Atomare_Masseneinheit" title="Atomare Masseneinheit">Da</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Bezeichner
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>Externe IDs
</td>
<td colspan="2" class="">
<ul><li><a href="Online_Mendelian_Inheritance_in_Man" title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man">OMIM</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/103320">103320</a></li>
<li><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P04979">P04979</a></li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Vorkommen
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">Homologie-Familie
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hogenom.univ-lyon1.fr/query_sequence?seq=P04979">Hovergen</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122; text-align:center;"><a href="Homologie_(Genetik)#Homologie_zwischen_verdoppelten_oder_fremden_Genen" title="Homologie (Genetik)">Orthologe</a> (Bordetella pertussis)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Entrez_Gene" title="Entrez Gene">Entrez</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=375790&rn=1">375790</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Ensembl" title="Ensembl">Ensembl</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class=""><small><small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/geneview?gene=ENSG00000188157;db=core">ENSG00000188157</a></small></small></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P04979">P04979</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">Refseq</a> (mRNA)
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001305275.1">NM_001305275.1</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">Refseq</a> (Protein)
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001292204.1">NP_001292204.1</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a>-Suche
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=375790">375790</a></span>
<p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p>
</td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p><table class="wikitable hintergrundfarbe-basis infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Protein_Pertussis_toxin_subunit_4" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Protein">
<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Pertussis toxin subunit 4
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>Andere Namen
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<p>Islet-activating protein S4, IAP S4
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="font-size:smaller;">
<p>Vorhandene Strukturdaten: <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1BCP">1BCP</a>, <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1PRT">1PRT</a>, <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1PTO">1PTO</a>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Masse</a>/Länge <a href="Prim%C3%A4rstruktur" title="Primärstruktur">Primärstruktur</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">152 <a href="Aminos%C3%A4uren" title="Aminosäuren">Aminosäuren</a>, 16.544 <a href="Atomare_Masseneinheit" title="Atomare Masseneinheit">Da</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Bezeichner
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>Externe IDs
</td>
<td colspan="2" class="">
<ul><li><a href="Online_Mendelian_Inheritance_in_Man" title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man">OMIM</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/103320">103320</a></li>
<li><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P0A3R5">P0A3R5</a></li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Vorkommen
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">Homologie-Familie
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hogenom.univ-lyon1.fr/query_sequence?seq=P0A3R5">Hovergen</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122; text-align:center;"><a href="Homologie_(Genetik)#Homologie_zwischen_verdoppelten_oder_fremden_Genen" title="Homologie (Genetik)">Orthologe</a> (Bordetella pertussis)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Entrez_Gene" title="Entrez Gene">Entrez</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=375790&rn=1">375790</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Ensembl" title="Ensembl">Ensembl</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class=""><small><small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/geneview?gene=ENSG00000188157;db=core">ENSG00000188157</a></small></small></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P0A3R5">P0A3R5</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">Refseq</a> (mRNA)
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001305275.1">NM_001305275.1</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">Refseq</a> (Protein)
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001292204.1">NP_001292204.1</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a>-Suche
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=375790">375790</a></span>
<p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p>
</td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p><table class="wikitable hintergrundfarbe-basis infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Protein_Pertussis_toxin_subunit_5" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Protein">
<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Pertussis toxin subunit 5
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>Andere Namen
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<p>Islet-activating protein S5, IAP S5
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="font-size:smaller;">
<p>Vorhandene Strukturdaten: <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1BCP">1BCP</a>, <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1PRT">1PRT</a>, <a href="Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1PTO">1PTO</a>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Masse</a>/Länge <a href="Prim%C3%A4rstruktur" title="Primärstruktur">Primärstruktur</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">133 <a href="Aminos%C3%A4uren" title="Aminosäuren">Aminosäuren</a>, 14.500 <a href="Atomare_Masseneinheit" title="Atomare Masseneinheit">Da</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Bezeichner
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>Externe IDs
</td>
<td colspan="2" class="">
<ul><li><a href="Online_Mendelian_Inheritance_in_Man" title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man">OMIM</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/103320">103320</a></li>
<li><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P04981">P04981</a></li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Vorkommen
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">Homologie-Familie
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hogenom.univ-lyon1.fr/query_sequence?seq=P04981">Hovergen</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122; text-align:center;"><a href="Homologie_(Genetik)#Homologie_zwischen_verdoppelten_oder_fremden_Genen" title="Homologie (Genetik)">Orthologe</a> (Mensch)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Entrez_Gene" title="Entrez Gene">Entrez</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=375790&rn=1">375790</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Ensembl" title="Ensembl">Ensembl</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class=""><small><small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/geneview?gene=ENSG00000188157;db=core">ENSG00000188157</a></small></small></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P04981">P04981</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">Refseq</a> (mRNA)
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_001305275.1">NM_001305275.1</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">Refseq</a> (Protein)
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_001292204.1">NP_001292204.1</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a>-Suche
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=375790">375790</a></span>
<p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p>
</td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p><p>Das <b>Pertussis-Toxin (PT)</b> ist ein <a href="Protein" title="Protein">Protein</a>, das von dem <a href="Bakterium" class="mw-redirect" title="Bakterium">Bakterium</a> <i><a href="Bordetella_pertussis" title="Bordetella pertussis">Bordetella pertussis</a></i> hergestellt und an seine Umgebung abgegeben wird (<a href="Exotoxin" title="Exotoxin">Exotoxin</a>). Es ist ursächlich für die Krankheitssymptome des <a href="Keuchhusten" title="Keuchhusten">Keuchhustens</a>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschichte">Geschichte</h2></div>
<p>Keuchhusten ist in Europa seit Jahrhunderten mit teils seuchenartigen Verläufen bekannt gewesen. Nach der Isolierung des Erregers <i><a href="Bordetella_pertussis" title="Bordetella pertussis">Bordetella pertussis</a></i> im Jahr 1900 im <a href="Sputum" title="Sputum">Sputum</a> eines erkrankten Säuglings und der späteren Kultivierung des Erregers<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> fiel auf, dass manche Bakterienstämme die Erkrankung z. B. in Ratten auslösen können, andere, zu <i><a href="Bordetella_parapertussis" title="Bordetella parapertussis">Bordetella parapertussis</a></i> zusammengefasste Stämme jedoch nicht. Diese Eigenschaft hängt mit der Fähigkeit zusammen das PT zu produzieren. <i>Bordetella parapertussis</i> produziert kein Toxin und kann ebenso wenig Keuchhusten auslösen wie Stämme von <i>Bordetella pertussis</i>, die durch <a href="Mutation" title="Mutation">Mutation</a> die Fähigkeit zur Toxinbildung verloren haben.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid10600186_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid10600186-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Struktur_und_Wirkungsweise">Struktur und Wirkungsweise</h2></div>
<p>Wie viele bakterielle Exotoxine gehört auch PT zu den <a href="Exotoxin#AB-Toxine" title="Exotoxin">AB-Toxinen</a>, die aus den Untereinheiten A und B bestehen. Dabei besitzt die A-Einheit katalytische Eigenschaften, wohingegen die B-Einheit für die Bindung an die Zielstruktur verantwortlich ist.
</p><p>Insgesamt besteht PT aus sechs Untereinheiten, bestehend aus den Proteinen <i>S1</i> bis <i>S5</i>. <i>S1</i> entspricht der A-Einheit mit der katalytischen Aktivität. Die B-Einheit wird aus den insgesamt fünf Untereinheiten <i>S2</i> bis <i>S5</i> mit zwei <i>S4</i> gebildet. Damit bindet PT an spezifische Zucker-Strukturen der <a href="Epithel" title="Epithel">Epithelzellen</a> der Atemwege, aber auch von Abwehrzellen. Es wird durch Endozytose in die Zellen aufgenommen.
</p><p>Die A-Einheit katalysiert dann die Übertragung eines <a href="Adenosindiphosphat" title="Adenosindiphosphat">ADP</a>-Ribosylrestes von <a href="Nicotinamidadenindinukleotid" title="Nicotinamidadenindinukleotid">NAD</a> an einen Cystein-Rest des inhibitorischen <a href="G-Protein" class="mw-redirect" title="G-Protein">Gα-Proteins</a>, wodurch seine Funktion gestört wird. Die Folge ist, dass die <a href="Adenylylcyclasen" title="Adenylylcyclasen">Adenylatcyclase</a> nicht mehr gehemmt werden kann und sich der <a href="Cyclisches_Adenosinmonophosphat" title="Cyclisches Adenosinmonophosphat">cAMP</a>-Spiegel in der Zelle erhöht. Dies kann die Zelle auf verschiedene Weise schädigen.<sup id="cite_ref-PMC2851156_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMC2851156-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cherry JD: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Historical Perspective on Pertussis and Use of Vaccines to Prevent It</cite>. In: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Microbe Magazine</cite>. März 2007 (englisch, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110623084415/http://forms.asm.org/microbe/index.asp?bid=48816">forms.asm.org</a> (<span class="webarchiv-memento"><a href="Webarchivierung#Begrifflichkeiten" title="Webarchivierung">Memento</a></span> des <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r250917974">
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</style><span class="dewiki-iconexternal"><a class="external text" href="https://redirecter.toolforge.org/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fforms.asm.org%2Fmicrobe%2Findex.asp%3Fbid%3D48816">Originals</a></span> vom 23. Juni 2011 im <i><a href="Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>) [abgerufen am 3. August 2017]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Pertussis-Toxin&rft.atitle=Historical+Perspective+on+Pertussis+and+Use+of+Vaccines+to+Prevent+It&rft.au=Cherry+JD&rft.btitle=Microbe+Magazine&rft.date=2007-03&rft.genre=book" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-pmid10600186-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid10600186_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Parton R: <cite style="font-style:italic">Review of the biology of Bordetella pertussis</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Biologicals</cite>. 27. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>2</span>, Juni 1999, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>71–6</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1006/biol.1999.0182">10.1006/biol.1999.0182</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10600186?dopt=Abstract">PMID 10600186</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Pertussis-Toxin&rft.atitle=Review+of+the+biology+of+Bordetella+pertussis&rft.au=Parton+R&rft.date=1999-06&rft.doi=10.1006%2Fbiol.1999.0182&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Biologicals&rft.pages=71-6&rft.pmid=10600186&rft.volume=27.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-PMC2851156-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PMC2851156_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Carbonetti N: <cite style="font-style:italic">Pertussis toxin and adenylate cyclase toxin: key virulence factors of Bordetella pertussis and cell biology tools</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Future Microbiol.</cite> 5. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>2</span>, März 2010, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>455–469</span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Pertussis-Toxin&rft.atitle=Pertussis+toxin+and+adenylate+cyclase+toxin%3A+key+virulence+factors+of+Bordetella+pertussis+and+cell+biology+tools&rft.au=Carbonetti+N&rft.date=2010-03&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Future+Microbiol.&rft.pages=455-469&rft.volume=5.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
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